2:3 The Inchcape Rock
By- Robert Southey
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About the poet -------
The poet Robert Southey born in Bristol , England . He was a son of a draper . He educated at Westminster School and Balloon College , Oxford .
About the poem -----
The Poem ' Inchcape Rock ' ,is a ballad . It is the story of a bell which was installed on the Inchcape Rock. The bell was installed by the Abbot of Aberbrothok to warn the sailors about the rock .
Story -----
' The Inchcape Rock ', is a ballad. It is written by British poet Robert Southey .It is a story of 14th century. The Abbot of Aberbrothok installed a warning bell on a dangerous Inchcape ( a sandstone reef ) rock .It is 11 miles off the east coast of Scotland . The Inchcape Rock was dangerous because during the high tide it goes under water. The sailors fail to know the exact location of the rock and hit their ships against the rock . The ships wreck and ruins in the sea.
The Abbot of Aberbrothok decided to do something good in that case. He installed a warning bell on the rock .It was attached to the buoy ,so it only rang when the Inchcape rock was under water and the buoy was floating . It helped the sailors a lot in saving their lives and ships .They always thanked and blessed the Abbot of Aberbrothok for this good work.
But , It didn't like to Ralph the Rover . He was a sea pirate .He was jealous of Abbot's reputation . So he decided to remove the bell. Besides his business was to loot the wrecked ships and make wealth . He cut down the bell from the Inchcape Rock .He sank the bell in to the sea .He made much wealth from looting the wrecked ships . One day ,he was passing off the Scotland shore . He stuck in a bad weather and lost ship's direction . His ship hit against the Inchcape rock and wrecked and sank in the sea. Finally he met with death in the same place where he sank the warning bell .
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Words and meanings ________
Stir = movement. Still = calm keel = anchor Steady = firm , not shaking Sign = indication Abbot = Head of Monks Buoy = floating indication mark in the sea Mariners= sailors Blest = blessed Speck = a tiny image/dot Mirth = happiness Wicked = evil Quoth = said Plague = causing pain Haze = mist Hath = have / has Gale = strong wind sound Canst = can Breakers = tides Swell = to grow gradually Drift = direction Vessel = ship or boat Strikes = hit First = cursed Dreadful = bad Knell = sound of a bell Used to ring at the the time of funeral announcement.
___________________________________ Figures of speech
1) The figure of speech Alliteration is used in the following lines of the poem.
Page number 104-----
2; 3; 5; 7; 11; 12 ;
Page number 105----
15; 16 ;17; 18; 19; 20; 21 ; 24 ; 27 ; 33; 35 ; 36 ; 38 ;
Page number 106 -----
41; 42 ; 44 ; 45 ; 46 ;50 ; 54 ; 57 ; 59; 61 ; 62 ; 64 ;
2 ) Personification -----
The above figures of speech is used in the following lines.
Page number --- 104 -- line numbers = 2 and 4
Page number -----105 -----line number = 1 ; ( stanza no 1 )
Page number 106
Line number ---3 --- stanza number 6
3) Transferred Epithet ----
The above figures of speech is used in the following lines.
Page number ----106
Stanza number ----- 5
Line number ----------3
Stanza --------------------7
Line number ---------- 1
4) Inversion ------
Page number ----------105
Stanza -2 -----line -------1
Page number 106
Stanza -3-------line -------1
5) Repetition--------
1) page 104 --- stanza --2 --line --3
Page 105 ------stanza ---4-- line ---2
Page 106 ------stanza---4 --line ---4
6) Paradox -----
Page 106 -- stanza ---3 -- line --4
7) Onomatopoeia ---
Page 105 ---- stanza --7 line ---1
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BRAINSTORMING
A 2 - ( i )
Complete the following statements .
a) The Abbot of Aberbrothok placed a bell on the Inchcape Rock because ------------
Answer -------
The Abbot of Aberbrothok placed a bell on the Inchcape Rock because during the high tides the Inchcape Rock goes under the water . The sailors fails to find out it's exact location and hit their ships against the rock .It causes a heavy damage to their ships and their lives . To avoid the damage and to get the correct navigation to the sailors , the Abbot placed a bell on the Inchcape Rock . The bell only rings when the Inchcape Rock is under water .
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b) The Mariners were grateful to the Abbot of Aberbrothok because ---------------
Answer --------
The Mariners were grateful to the Abbot of Aberbrothok because he installed a bell on the rock. The loud sound of the bell makes the sailors alert .They could listen the sound from a long distance .It help them to keep their ships safe from ship wreckcking and sinking .
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c) The result of thick haze that covered the sky was that -------
Answer --------
Sir Ralph the Rover along with other sailors was passing from Scotland shore . His ship stuck in a thick haze . While passing from the Inchcape rock, it crashed against rock and sank in to the sea .
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d) The Rover in frustration pulled his hair and cursed himself because------------
Answer -------
Because his own ship stuck against the inchcape rock . It is because of the absence of any warning sound . His ship stuck against the rock and sank in to the sea . So , he repented over his folly and cursed himself in despair and in his frustration he pulled his hair.
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(ii )
Given below are the events that give the theme of the poem in a jumbled form . Arrange in a proper sequence as per their occurrence .
Answer ------
Proper sequence as per their occurrence is -----( a , b , d , c , e )
1) The waves were so small that they did not move enough to ring the bell at the Inchcape Rock .
2)The Abbot of Aberbrothok had placed the bell on a buoy on the rock.
3) Ralph bent over from the boat.
4) There was a thick haze spread over the atmosphere.
5) Sir Ralph cursed himself in despair and in his frustration tore his hair .
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(iii )
Describe the qualities of the Abbot of Aberbrothok in your own words .
Answer -------
Benevolent , Big - hearted , Kind, Co-operative , Visionary , helpful.
___________________________________ (iv )
Jealousy is the most incurable defect . Justify .
It is true that jealousy is the most incurable defect in human beings. Ralph was a sea pirate. He was jealous of Abbot . The sailors express their gratitude towards the good Abbot because he had placed the warning bell on the inchcape rock . The warning bell had saved the sailors lives and ships from wrecking many times. But Ralph the sea pirate, cut down the warning bell from the inchcape rock because he did not want the sailors to be alert by the sound of the bell .He wanted to loot the other sailors ship .He also wanted to tarnish Abbot . Finally he dies in the same place where he sank the warning bell.
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(v) ' But the Rover's mirth was wickedness '.Explain this line in your own words .
Answer ----
Sir Ralph was a notorious pirate. He spent days on looting and plundering other ships for treasures . He did not want sailors to be alert by the sound of the Inchcape bell .He wanted to earn wealth from the ships that crashed against the rock . He had his selfish intention to hoard the wealth .After seeing the inchcape bell on the rock , He became happy not because the bell is a beautiful thing but he got a chance to cut it down . He cut down the warning bell and threw it in to the sea . It shows that his mirth was wickedness .
___________________________________A -3
Some words in the poem are related to different parts of a ship or a Mariners life . Given below are the meanings of those terms. Identify the word .
a) Helps in steering the ship =
Answer - Helm
b) The lowest part of the ship = Answer - Orlop deck
c) Floating object that shows direction =
Answer --- Buoyancy
d) Another name for a ship =
Answer---- Vessel ,craft , boat
e) Sinking Sound =
Answer -- Gurgling
___________________________________A-4 ( ii )
Figures of speech
1) Sir Ralph the Rover tore his hair
-Alliteration
- Sound of 'S' and ' H' repeated.
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2) No stir in the air no stir in the sea .
- Repetition
- The word ' stir ' is repeated.
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3) On a buoy in the storm it floated and swung
- Inversion
- The word order is not correct .
Correct word order is -
It floated and swung in a storm on a buoy .
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4) Down sank the bell with a gurgling sound
- Onomatopoeia. The word ' gurgling ' expresses sound .
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5) The Devil below was ringing his Knell .
- Metaphor - Indirect comparison is made .
Personification-
- ' Ringing' is a human quality it has been attributed to' death
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6) The ship was as still as she could be.
- Simile
- Direct comparison is made
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7) On the deck the Rover takes his hand
- Inversion
- Word order is changed for the poetic effect ,the correct order is
' The Rover takes his hand on the deck '
------------------------------------------------. 8) Oh Christ !
- Apostrophe
- There is an address to God . ----------------------------------------------------
A - 5 Write an appreciation of the poem ' Inchcape' Rock .
2:3 Appreciation of the poem
' The Inchcape Rock '
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About the poem/poet and the title --------
' The Inchcape Rock ' is a ballad. It is a narrative poem . It is written by the British poet Robert Southey . The poem consists of seventeen quatrains written in rhyming couplets .It tells us of legendary Inchcape rock .The story is about the good Abbot of Aberbrothok and the devilish Sir Ralph the Rover . It begins by describing how the bell was installed on the rock by Abbot of Aberbrothok . It ends with how Ralph the Rover cut down the bell from Inchcape rock and died by crashing his boat against the same rock .
The theme ------
The theme of the poem is that one has to suffer the consequences of one's action .He who digs a pit for others falls into it and those who do bad things will ultimately be punished .
Poetic style----
The poem Inchcape Rock is a ballad .It is didactic in nature . Its tone is narrative . It consists of seventeen stanzas of four lines each . Here first line of the each stanza rhymes with the second and third line with the fourth .
The language/poetic devices used in the poem --------
The language of the poem is very lucid and Simple . It is a long narrative poem . It is very easy to understand .It is free from artificiality . It is didactic in nature . The poem has full of imageries. The lines ,' The sun in the heaven was shining gay ', and ' the waves flowed over the Inchcape Rock' , are the example of visual images . The poet has used many figures of speech in the poem .They are Metaphor , Simile , Alliteration Personification , Inversion , Repetition ,Apostrophe and Onomatopoeia .The line ' The Devil below was ringing his Knell' is a perfect example of Metaphor implies that death is calling Ralph near to him. The rhyming scheme is aabb for each stanza .The first two and last two lines of each stanza rhyme with each other .
Special features-----
The poem is a bit long . It consists of seventeen quatrains and written in a rhyming couplets. It is a ballad . It is traditionally sung by a wandering musicians .The poem is full of adventure , heroism , jealousy and moral .
Message, values , morals ----
The poet delivers a message that those who do wrong things will meet with due Punishment.In other words , ' As you sow , so shall you reap '. The Rover cut off the bell from the inchcape rock , so that other sailors ship should struck and wreck .But his own ship struck against the very rock because of the absence of any warning sound and sank in the sea . The moral of the poem is that he who digs a pit for others , falls himself in to it .
Your opinion about the poem --------
The Inchcape Rock is a beautiful poem . It teaches us some good moral values .It teaches us that good is always stronger than evil. Evil person is always punished for his bad actions where as good person is rewarded . In the poem the sailors used to thank and bless the Abbot of Aberbrothok in their hearts for tying the bell on the inchcape rock,where as Sir Ralph meets a deserved death for his wickedness .
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(ii) Compose 4 to 6 lines on 'Sea'
Answer ---------
Sea
Oh Sea ! how vast and wide you are !
Looks beautiful when you leave the foam on shore ,
You do a lot for Worlds and Nations sake more
You have accumulated a lot of humans a treasure ,
You protect the world from heavy rain's water , as a soldier .
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_________Thank you ______________
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